Kuyendera kwanu pafupipafupi kumaphatikizapo kuyendetsa galimoto kupita ku chipatala kapena ku ofesi, kulemba zikalata, ndi kudikirira kuti wina akuimbireni foni pamene wopereka chithandizo akukonzekerani.
Kenako, matenda a coronavirus.Mwadzidzidzi, anthu ambiri amapita kukakumana ndi makompyuta kapena pafoni, ndipo telemedicine yakhala dzina lodziwika bwino.
Ngakhale kusankhidwa kwa telemedicine ndi zaka makumi angapo, akadali pamalire a dongosolo laumoyo.Mliri utapangitsa kuti zikhale zosatheka kupereka chithandizo chamankhwala monga kale, telemedicine idakhala yofunikira, ndipo zolepheretsa kubweza, ukadaulo, ndi zilolezo zidayamba kuchepa.Machitidwe ena azachipatala amayenera kusintha kuchokera kuzinthu zazing'ono za telemedicine kupita ku 100% zokumana nazo usiku wonse.Posakhalitsa wodwalayo anayamba kuonana ndi dokotala kunyumba.Ngakhale m'malo azachipatala, akulumikizana kwambiri ndi othandizira azaumoyo kudzera pa iPad.Harlan Krumholz, pulofesa wa zamankhwala ku Yale University School of Medicine, adati zomwe zachitika posachedwa pa telemedicine "sizingatheke kwa anthu ambiri."
Mliri usanachitike, othandizira azaumoyo adazindikira kuti telemedicine inali yosapeŵeka.Komabe, chifukwa cha zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ndondomeko yobwezera, miyambo ndi zokonda za odwala, dongosolo lachipatala silingathe kudzichotsa.M'mbuyomu, telemedicine yambiri inkachitika kudzera m'magulu azachipatala ndi zipatala zomwe zimatchedwa "hub", momwe akatswiri ("hubs") angapereke zipatala zing'onozing'ono ndi zipatala ("spokes") Kufunsira kwa Virtual..Mwachitsanzo, wodwala angapite ku chipatala kukawonana ndi dokotala wa zamaganizo pamtunda wa makilomita mazana ambiri.Mliriwu, mtundu uwu wasinthidwa kwambiri ndi mtundu wokhazikika kwa ogula, koma m'malo omwe ali ndi bandwidth yochepa pa intaneti (anthu angafunike kupita kuzipatala zamagulu) ndi malo akutali omwe amafunikira zida zapadera kwambiri Kupatula kuchipatala. munda, mwachitsanzo kwa odwala omwe amafunikira kuunika kwa sitiroko kapena matenda amtima.
Chodabwitsa cha anthu ambiri, kusintha kwakukulu kumeneku kupita ku telemedicine ndi mwayi wochezera pavidiyo kumagwira ntchito bwino.Mabungwe azaumoyo atha kupereka chisamaliro chotetezeka komanso chodalirika komanso chotsika mtengo kwa odwala kunyumba.Izi zikutanthauzanso mwayi wochuluka wogwirira ntchito kunyumba, kupindulitsa ogwira ntchito yazaumoyo ambiri (mwachitsanzo, makolo omwe ali ndi ana).Kuphatikiza apo, wopereka chithandizo amatha kuona mkati mwa nyumba ya wodwalayo, zomwe zingathandize kumvetsetsa bwino moyo wa wodwalayo.
Lauren Eberly, wofufuza zachipatala pachipatala cha Perelman School of Medicine ku yunivesite ya Pennsylvania, anapereka chitsanzo pa ulendo wa telemedicine pamene odwala ake ankalankhula za mankhwala ake.Eberly atafunsa za kumwa mankhwala enaake, wodwalayo anaganiza kuti akumwa—koma kenako anamusonyeza Eberly kabati yake yamankhwala, imene inalibe malangizowo.Wodwalayo ankaganiza kuti anali ndi mankhwala onse omwe ankafunikira, koma kwenikweni analibe mankhwala amodzi, zomwe zingakhale ndi zotsatira zowononga.
"M'njira zambiri, [kugwiritsa ntchito telemedicine] kudzakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino za mliriwu," atero a David Bates, mkulu wa zamankhwala amkati pachipatala cha Brigham ndi Women's Hospital komanso pulofesa wa malamulo azaumoyo ndi kasamalidwe ku Yunivesite ya Harvard.Chen Chen School of Public Health.
Dongosolo lamphamvu, lokhazikika la telemedicine limatha kuchepetsa kuchulukana m'chipatala, kulola odwala ambiri kulandira chithandizo kunyumba ndi kunja kwa chipatala.Izi zingathandize kulola Bates kulosera kuti m'tsogolomu, mabedi ambiri azachipatala akhoza kukhazikitsidwa, kotero amatha kukhala malo osamalira odwala kwambiri kapena malo osamalira anthu ambiri m'malo mwa chimodzi kapena zingapo.Mwanjira imeneyi, zipatala zitha "kukondwera" panthawi yomwe zipatala zaku California zidakumana ndi mliriwu.
Komabe, kukula kwachangu kwa telemedicine sikwabwino.Onse opereka chithandizo ndi odwala ayenera kudziwa mwamsanga njira yatsopano yaukadaulo, ndipo ndizovuta kuti anthu azitha kuyang'anira mavidiyo, kudziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mavidiyo a msonkhano kapena kusunga intaneti yokhazikika.Opereka chithandizo akhoza kuphonya zizindikiro zosagwirizana ndi mawu ndi zina zobisika za maulendo a odwala, kapena kulephera kusonyeza chifundo m'njira zachikhalidwe, monga kupereka manja otonthoza.Mapulatifomu ena alibe njira zabwino zotetezera.Komanso, ngati wodwala akufunika kuti ayezedwe zina zake, sizingangomuchitikira pamalowo.
Mwachidule, mliriwu wapereka mayesero kwa machitidwe ambiri azaumoyo kuti atengere telemedicine kwambiri.Komabe, monga mtundu uliwonse wa beta, mtundu wowongoleredwa.Kuti telemedicine ifike pamlingo wake wonse, idzafunika njira zabwino zochitira nawo odwala, monga kuyang'anira kutali, mwachitsanzo, njira yoti anthu apeze kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi zizindikiro zina zofunika kunyumba.Othandizira azaumoyo akuphunzirabe ngakhale zinthu zing'onozing'ono, monga kusakumana monga mwanthawi zonse panthawi yoyendera.Pulatifomu ya telemedicine idzapitilizidwa kukonzedwa bwino potengera momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito, zachinsinsi komanso chitetezo.
Kuti telemedicine ifikire kuthekera kwake, tiyeneranso kulabadira omwe adzasiyidwe.Mafoni a m'manja amatha kuthandizira kugawanika kwa digito, koma kwa magulu ambiri, nthawi zonse pamakhala zolepheretsa kupeza teknoloji.Mwachitsanzo, anthu ochokera m'mafuko ang'onoang'ono amakhala ndi ziwopsezo zochepa zotengera kutengera kwa intaneti komanso kutsika kwa makompyuta ndi intaneti.Odwala okalamba atha kukhala ndi foni yapansi ndipo sangathe kupeza kanema.
Kafukufuku waposachedwa wa odwala omwe akukonzekera kukayendera ma telemedicine m'miyezi ingapo yoyambirira ya mliri wa coronavirus akuwonetsa kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu pakugwiritsa ntchito telemedicine.Kawirikawiri, kugwiritsa ntchito telemedicine (kuphatikizapo telefoni ndi kanema) ndizochepa pakati pa odwala achikulire, Asiya kapena osalankhula Chingerezi.Momwemonso, achikulire, akazi, akuda kapena a Latino, anthu omwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chochepa pazachuma amagwiritsa ntchito makanema ocheperako.
"Tikupanga njira yatsopano ya telemedicine, yomwe imatipatsa mwayi wothetsa vutoli," adatero Eberly."Pogwiritsa ntchito, kaya ndi ukadaulo wochulukirapo kapena zatsopano, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo kuti tipitilize kuwunika kusagwirizana kwadongosolo mu telemedicine."
Telemedicine idzafuna ndalama zambiri.Mercy Virtual Care Center, bungwe lalikulu lazachipatala, lakhala mtsogoleri pothandiza mabungwe kuti aziganizira za chisamaliro chenicheni.Malinga ndi a Bates, Mercy amawononga pafupifupi 5% ya ndalama zake pa telemedicine, yomwe ndi yokwera kwambiri kuposa ndalama zina zachipatala pa telemedicine (pafupifupi 0.1% mpaka 0.2% ya ndalama zake).
Bates adati: "Tikuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama mu (telemedicine).""Padzakhala zosintha mtsogolo, koma zitenga nthawi."
Kupititsa patsogolo telemedicine kumafunanso ndondomeko za nthawi yayitali komanso zowongolera.Mliri wa coronavirus usanachitike, ngakhale telemedicine idakhazikitsidwa bwino m'magawo ambiri akatswiri, panalibe kubweza ndalama zolipirira telemedicine.Mliriwu utalengezedwa ngati ngozi yadzidzidzi, makampani a inshuwaransi, komanso Medicare ndi Medicaid, adapereka chithandizo chowonjezereka cha telemedicine.Congress, boma la federal ndi maboma aboma amasulanso chinsinsi cha odwala komanso malamulo a telemedicine.Komabe, zambiri mwazosinthazi zidaperekedwa kwakanthawi panthawi yazaumoyo wa anthu, ndipo ngakhale mliriwu sunathe, wayamba kale kubwerera.
Moyenera, chiwongola dzanja chamtundu uliwonse wa chithandizo chamankhwala (pamaso ndi maso, kanema ndi foni) chizikhala chofanana, osati chakanthawi.Popanda kufanana uku, opereka chithandizo omwe amapereka telemedicine (monga maulendo a telefoni kwa anthu osowa) adzalangidwa kwambiri chifukwa mitengo yawo yobwezera ndiyotsika.Komabe, pali zifukwa zina zokhalira ndi chiyembekezo.Mwachitsanzo, mothandizidwa ndi maphwando awiriwa, 2021 Telemedicine Protection Act pambuyo pa COVID-19 ndi Telemedicine Modernization Act ya 2021 idaperekedwa ku Congress posachedwa.Bwanamkubwa wa Massachusetts, Charlie Baker, posachedwapa adasaina chikalata chokonzanso chithandizo chamankhwala, chomwe chimafuna kuti mtengo wa maulendo a telemedicine wamakhalidwe ukhale wofanana ndi mtengo wa kuyendera maso ndi maso kwa zaka ziwiri.Popanda malamulo oterowo, pakhala kufalikira kumodzi kokha kwa telemedicine mdziko muno.Koma okhudzidwa safuna kuyendera ma telemedicine popanda kupereka phindu kwa odwala.
"Anthu adzafunafuna kuyankha," adatero Krumholz.Ananenanso kuti popeza odwala ngati telemedicine nthawi zambiri amapita kwa dokotala, makampani a inshuwaransi apitiliza kulemba kukakamiza kwa telemedicine.
Joseph Kvedar, pulofesa wa Dermatology ku Harvard Medical School komanso tcheyamani wa American Telemedicine Association, adanena kuti ndondomeko yosavuta yobwezera ndalama ndi yofunika mofanana ndi malipiro.Ngati zili zovuta, kampani ya inshuwalansi nthawi zina ingakane bilu, kapena wodwalayo angalandire bilu yomwe sayembekezera.
Kuphatikiza pa njira yobwezera ndalama, palinso mfundo zina zomwe ziyenera kusinthidwa.Mwachitsanzo, pali zoletsa zina zofikira odwala m'maiko onse kudzera pa telemedicine.Ngakhale kuti chiletsochi n’chothandiza pa ulendo woyamba, pangakhale kofunika kuchepetsa zofunikira za zilolezo za boma kuti kutsatiridwako kuchitidwe bwino lomwe.Thandizo la Broadband wamba likufunikanso.
Limodzi mwamafunso akulu omwe amayendetsa telemedicine ndi: Kodi zimakhala zomveka kuti opereka chithandizo aziwona odwala pamasom'pamaso osati pavidiyo?Malingana ndi zosowa za wodwalayo, madera ena monga psychiatry angakhale abwino kwambiri kuti atsatire.Komabe, chifukwa cha kufunikira kwa zida zapadera, anthu ena (mwachitsanzo, kuonana ndi dokotala kuti aone kapena kumva) apita.
Ponseponse, mabungwe azaumoyo akadali ndi mavuto osathetsedwa, kuphatikiza momwe angagwiritsire ntchito bwino thupi lawo komanso momwe angagawire odwala.Koma mavutowa angathetsedwe.Chofunikira ndichakuti telemedicine ili ndipo ipitiliza kupatsa anthu phindu lalikulu.
"Tidzangowona kukula kwake.Padakali zambiri zoti tiphunzire, koma ino ndi nthawi yosangalatsa kwambiri.”Krumholz anatero.
Kusintha pa Marichi 1, 2021: Nkhaniyi yasinthidwa kuti iwonetse kuti a Joseph Kovdal pano ndi wapampando wa American Telemedicine Association.
Future Tense ndi mnzake wa Slate, New America ndi Arizona State University, odzipereka kuti afufuze matekinoloje omwe akubwera, mfundo zaboma komanso anthu.
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Mwa kujowina Slate Plus, muthandizira ntchito yathu ndikupeza zokhutira zokha.Ndipo uthenga uwu simudzauonanso.
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Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-02-2021